Georg simon ohm biography breve latte

George Ohm

German physicist, corresponding member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. Established the fundamental law of the electric circuit (Ohm's law).
Date of Birth: 16.03.1787
Country: Germany

Content:
  1. Georg Simon Ohm: Pioneer of Electricity
  2. Teaching and Early Research
  3. Contributions to Electricity
  4. Ohm's Law and Electrical Circuit Analysis
  5. Recognition and Honors
  6. Later Years and Legacy

Georg Simon Ohm: Pioneer of Electricity

Early Life and Education

Georg Simon Ohm, a German physicist and a corresponding member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences, was born on March 16, 1787, in Erlangen, Bavaria. His father, Johann Wolfgang, was a locksmith, and his mother, Maria Elisabeth, passed away during childbirth when Georg was ten. After completing secondary school at the Erlanger Gymnasium, Ohm enrolled at the University of Erlangen in 1805 to study mathematics, physics, and philosophy.

Teaching and Early Research

After three semesters at the university, Ohm accepted a teaching position in mathematics at a private school in Göttsstadt, Switzerland. He returned to Erlangen in 1811, graduated, and received his doctorate in philosophy. Upon graduating, he was offered a position as a private lecturer in mathematics at the university. In 1812, Ohm became a teacher of mathematics and physics at a school in Bamberg. In 1817, he published his first written work on the methodology of teaching geometry.

Contributions to Electricity

Ohm dedicated himself to research in electricity. Based on Charles-Augustin de Coulomb's torsion balance, Ohm constructed his own electrometric device. He presented his findings in the article "Preliminary Report on the Law According to Which Metals Conduct Contact Electricity," published in 1825. Although initially flawed, Ohm's formula was later refined.

Ohm's Law and Electrical Circuit Analysis

In 1826, Ohm published his groundbreaking work, "Determination of the Law According to Which Metals Conduct Contact Electricity, along with an Outline of the Theory of the Voltaic Apparatus and Schweigger's Multiplier." In this treatise, he introduced the concept of electrical resistance and formulated Ohm's Law, which states that the current through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to the resistance.

In 1827, Ohm published "Theoretical Investigations of Electric Circuits," which further developed his theories on electric circuits. He proposed using resistance to characterize the electrical properties of a conductor and elucidated the concept of reduced length, a fundamental principle for measuring resistance.

Recognition and Honors

Ohm's work on resistance initially faced skepticism, but it gradually gained recognition. In 1841, his treatise was translated into English, and in 1847 and 1860, into Italian and French, respectively. In 1842, the Royal Society of London awarded Ohm the Copley Medal. He became a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in 1845 and an extraordinary professor at the University of Munich in 1849.

Later Years and Legacy

In 1852, Ohm was appointed ordinary professor at the University of Munich. He died on July 6, 1854. In 1881, the unit of electrical resistance, the ohm, was named after him at the International Electrical Congress in Paris. Ohm's contributions to electricity continue to have a profound impact on electrical science and engineering worldwide.